NCERT-GEOGRAPHY-CLASS-06-CHAPTER-07

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Area of India in kilometers

  • The total area of India is 3.28 million square kilometres.
  • And as we know, 1 million is equal to 10 lakhs. 
     

The length of India from North to South and from east to west

  • From north to south, it is about 3200 km, and from east to west, about 2900 km. 

  • This east-to-west distance difference creates an average 02 hours difference in Indian Timing.


Location of India

  • India is a country of the Northern Hemisphere & the Eastern Hemisphere. 


Latitudinal and longitudinal extension of India

     

  • The latitudinal extension of India ranges from 8°4'N -to- 37°6' N.
  • Where as the longitudinal extension range from 68°7' East -to- 97°25' E? 

Neighbouring states in chronological sequence




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  • The neighbouring countries, starting from the West, are
  1. Pakistan,
  2. Afghanistan,
  3. China,
  4. Nepal,
  5. Bhutan,
  6. Myanmar,
  7. Bangladesh is the mainland border country.

Bharat's marine border countries are as follows- 
  1. Pakistan
  2. Maldives
  3. Sri Lanka
  4. Bangladesh
  5. Myanmar
  6. Thailand
  7. Indonesia.


Administrative division of India

  • India's administrative division has been divided into 28 states and 8 union territories.
  • Those 8 union territories are

01-   Ladakh,

02-   Delhi,

03-   Chandigarh

04-   Pondicherry

05-   Andaman and Nicobar

06-   Lakshadweep

07-   Dadar- Nagar Haveli, Daman -&- Diu.

08- Jammu and Kashmir.


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Physical division

  • India has four broad physical divisions  
  1. Northern Mountain system in the north,
  2. peninsular India in the south,
  3. Northern plains in the middle of the Himalayas and peninsular India, and
  4. coastal plains.

      



Subdivision of the Himalayas

  • In the subdivision of the Himalayas, starting from the north, we have,

  1. Great Himalayas,
  2. Himachal Himalaya or middle Himalaya and
  3. Shivalik or lower Himalaya or outer Himalaya


 

Peninsular plateau

  • Triangular in shape & having a very uneven relief.

  • Starting from Aravali, it covers the Vindhya and Satpura range up to the Annamalai hills with its eastern and western boundary "Eastern Ghats " -& "Western Ghats" respectively 

Vindhya and Satpura

  • An example of a block mountain is situated in the middle of India.
  •  River Narmada flows between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges.             

Western ghats

  • Situated in the middle of coastal plains and the peninsular plateau in the west.
  • Also known by the name of Sahyadri.

Eastern ghats

  • Situated in the middle of the coastal plains and the peninsular plateau in the East. 

Coastal plains

  • Situated to the west of the Western Ghat up to the Arabian Sea and to the east of the Eastern Ghat up to the Bay of Bengal. 

NCERT-GEOGRAPHY-CLASS-6-NOTES


Alluvial deposits

  • We studied in the last chapter what the deposits are.
  • The very fine soil particle deposits carried away by the river are known as alluvial deposits. 

Tributary

  •  A river or a stream that merges with the main river by discharging all its water is known as a tributary.

Delta



  • The river near its mouth forms a very low-lying and almost no slope wetting area, through depositing its sediments known as a delta, as it looks like a physical subject delta sign.
  • The delta formed by the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers along the Bay of Bengal is the world's largest delta.

Polyps -&- Corals        

  • Example of a symbiotic relationship.
  • The very small /tiny Marine animals are called polyps.
  • Corals are the skeleton of these polyps.
  • The joining process of these Skelton, along with the sedimentation, resulted in the formation of coral Iceland.
  • An island is an example of a landform that is surrounded by a water body.

Slope of India

  • The slope of India is from west to east, which is why the majority of the river naturally flows toward the East and merges into the Bay of Bengal.
  • The average height of the Indian slope from west to east is about 200 meters.

      


Island groups of India

  • In India, we have two Island groups-


  • The Arabian Sea, known as Lakshadweep, is a coral island, while the

  • The second one, the Andaman and Nicobar Island group situated in the Bay of Bengal.
  • Example of an archipelago.
  • The highest peak is the "saddle peak", with 732 meters and volcanic in nature.

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